Legitimasi Hukuman Mati bagi Koruptor dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam dan Hukum Positif Indonesia
Keywords:
Death penalty, Corruption, Islamic law, Indonesian law, extraordinary crimeAbstract
Corruption remains a critical issue in Indonesia and is widely categorized as an extraordinary crime due to its extensive social, moral, and economic impact. This study examines the debate on the application of the death penalty for corruption by comparing Islamic law and Indonesia’s positive legal system. In Islamic law, scholars present diverse views. Some, such as Wahbah az-Zuhaili and Imam Muhib al-Thabari, allow capital punishment when corruption causes widespread harm and threatens public stability, based on the principle of preventing greater harm. Other scholars classify corruption under ta’zir, meaning that punishment is flexible and determined by the authority according to the level of damage caused. Meanwhile, Indonesia’s legal framework, through Law No. 31 of 1999 in conjunction with Law No. 20 of 2001, provides space for the death penalty under specific conditions, although no court has ever enforced it. The study concludes that both legal systems acknowledge the severity of corruption, but the death penalty should only be considered in exceptional circumstances with strict regard to justice, public welfare, and human rights.
References
Al-Zuhaili, W. (2011). Al-Fiqh al-Islami wa Adillatuhu. Damaskus: Dar al-Fikr.
Departemen Agama Republik Indonesia. (2005). Al-Qur’an dan Terjemahannya. Jakarta: CV J-ART.
Indonesia. (1999). Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1999 Nomor 140.
Indonesia. (2001). Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Perubahan atas Undang-Undang Nomor 31 Tahun 1999 tentang Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi. Lembaran Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 2001 Nomor 134.
Indonesia. (2023). Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) Terbaru. Jakarta: Pemerintah Republik Indonesia.
Indonesia, Kementerian Hukum dan Hak Asasi Manusia. (2020). Naskah Akademik RUU Perubahan KUHP. Jakarta: Kementerian Hukum dan HAM RI.
Jurnal Integritas KPK. (2023). Integritas: Jurnal Anti Korupsi. Jakarta: Komisi Pemberantasan Korupsi.
Maswandi. (2016). Korupsi dalam Perspektif Hukum Islam. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.
Marzuki, P. M. (2014). Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: Kencana.
Rahmawati, S. (2021). Konsep Ta’zir dalam Penegakan Hukum Modern. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Suhuf, M. (2014). Pandangan Ulama tentang Hukuman Mati dalam Islam. Jakarta: PT RajaGrafindo Persada.
Thabari, I. M. (2001). Jāmi‘ al-Bayān fī Ta’wīl al-Qur’ān. Beirut: Dar al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah.
Transparency International. (2023). Corruption Perceptions Index 2023. Berlin: Transparency International.
Retrieved from https://transparency.org/cpi/
Zulfan, R. (2024). Hambatan Penerapan Hukuman Mati bagi Pelaku Korupsi di Indonesia. Medan: UIN Sumatera Utara Press.
Mahmud, A. (2020). “Kebijakan Pemidanaan Korupsi dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia.” Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan, 50(2), 245–260.
Yudi Latif. (2019). “Korupsi dan Dampaknya Terhadap Bangsa.” Jurnal Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan, 4(1), 1–12.
Indonesia. (2001). Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2001 tentang Perubahan atas UU No. 31 Tahun 1999. LNRI Tahun 2001 Nomor 134.
Indonesia. (2023). Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP) Terbaru. Jakarta: Pemerintah RI.
Arief, Barda Nawawi. (2014). Kebijakan Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Kencana.
Arifin, Bustanul. (2018). “Hukuman Mati dalam Perspektif HAM dan Hukum Nasional.” Jurnal HAM, 9(2), 115–129.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Eshraq: Journal of Islamic Studies
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
